Stance-Detection-in-Web-and-Social-Media/SEN-SVM/final_feature_set/VC_test.csv

1	Unnamed:0	sentence	ent_nut	ent_pos	ent_neg	sta_nut	sta_sup	sta_opp	senti	med_aff	med_treat	label
2	0	in 2013 , an updated review of studies into vitamin see and the common cold concluded that regular ingestion of vitamin see had no effect on common cold incidence in the ordinary population	-0.23566142	-0.046420194	-0.23566142	2.644081369	2.71637308	2.825322451	Negative	0	0	oppose
3	1	the average duration of the colds was 5 5 days in the vitamin see group and 5 8 in the placebo group	-0.23565125	-0.04642623	-0.23565125	2.740387297	2.974754878	2.748276514	Negative	0	0	neutral
4	2	overall , current evidence does not suggest that vitamin see supplementation reduces the incidence or severity of cold in healthy individuals , even at high doses	-0.23565377	-0.04642474	-0.23565377	2.894905571	2.739090142	2.866249495	Neutral	0	0	neutral
5	3	if you choose to supplement when a cold strikes , there is no reason to take more than 250 mg per day , as shown in the 1974 anderson study	-0.23564936	-0.046427317	-0.23564936	2.769005347	2.434025002	2.653292343	Negative	0	0	support
6	4	a small study published in the journal of the american college of nutrition found that vitamin see may dampen the inflammatory response caused by the chemical histamine and this antihistamine effect could reduce the symptoms of a cold , such as runny noses , that occur when the body ramps up its inflammatory response	-0.23568356	-0.046407	-0.23568356	2.884405274	2.899521195	2.976004146	Negative	0	0	support
7	5	it 's fair to say that vitamin see supplementation both shortens duration of cold and offers some protection against colds , though it 's not very dramatic , said stephen lawson , a researcher at the linus pauling institute at oregon state university , who studies micronutrients	-0.23566522	-0.0464179	-0.23566522	3.980593483	3.852083695	3.95275722	Negative	0	0	support
8	6	vitamin see also acts as an antioxidant in the body , which will help to protect against the cell damaging free radicals that we sometimes come in contact with	-0.23565282	-0.04642529	-0.23565282	2.539844575	2.307706851	2.039563672	Negative	0	0	neutral
9	7	overall , experts find little to no benefit if you use vitamin see to prevent or treat a cold	-0.23564464	-0.046430103	-0.23564464	1.957983851	1.831482961	2.236708356	Neutral	0	0	oppose
10	8	the natural medicines comprehensive database rates effectiveness based on scientific evidence , isaac explains , and according to the national institutes of health , vitamin see is considered possibly effective for treating the common cold	-0.23566395	-0.046418644	-0.23566395	2.723195467	2.436785388	2.637698804	Negative	0	0	oppose
11	9	vitamin see really does n't seem to help prevent a cold , but there 's much evidence to suggest that taking high doses of see may help shorten the time you 're sick by a day or so	-0.23565492	-0.04642401	-0.23565492	3.387474211	3.303043284	3.207362686	Negative	0	0	support
12	10	dr pauling , a strong proponent of using vitamin see to prevent and treat colds , wrote the definitive book on the subject	-0.23563892	-0.046433456	-0.23563892	2.225294484	2.167558483	2.280510508	Positive	0	1	neutral
13	11	however , vitamin see did n't help if people took it after they showed signs of getting cold	-0.23564443	-0.04643023	-0.23564443	2.020530111	2.2895349	2.140339686	Neutral	0	0	oppose
14	12	getting plenty of see may be especially important for pregnant moms and infants	-0.23564212	-0.046431594	-0.23564212	2.904940573	2.577488104	2.789788909	Negative	0	0	neutral
15	13	one study did find that taking a daily vitamin see supplement reduced the frequency of catching a cold	-0.2356474	-0.04642851	-0.2356474	3.128237721	3.062384189	3.066428485	Negative	0	0	support
16	14	some studies have shown that taking large doses of vitamin see ( more than 1 , 000 mg per day ) continuously or when you first develop cold symptoms , may ease some of the symptoms and the duration	-0.23565966	-0.04642123	-0.23565966	3.489199346	3.537698843	3.376144697	Negative	0	0	support
17	15	without question , publication of this book , combined with pauling 's reputation as a nobel prize winning scientist , has made vitamin see a best seller	-0.23563582	-0.04643526	-0.23563582	2.349816913	2.386693613	2.460330986	Negative	0	0	neutral
18	16	despite exhaustive research across the world , there is still no strong evidence to prove that vitamin see prevents common cold	-0.23564924	-0.04642742	-0.23564924	2.248836936	2.029968261	2.301831203	Negative	0	0	neutral
19	17	this partially explains why linus pauling believed vitamin see could prevent colds	-0.23564075	-0.046432406	-0.23564075	2.738028732	2.897759709	2.853799622	Negative	0	0	support
20	18	moreover , when under stressful conditions such as extreme exercise or cold temperatures , additional vitamin see may help strengthen your resistance to respiratory infection	-0.2356543	-0.046424396	-0.2356543	3.402190591	3.548194318	3.373494442	Negative	0	0	support
21	19	lawson 's institution , which was founded by pauling , recommends taking 400 milligrams of vitamin see a day to promote optimal health	-0.23565045	-0.04642669	-0.23565045	4.265802761	4.017840537	3.998539361	Negative	0	0	neutral
22	20	the research findings suggest that taking vitamin see taken regularly as a supplement can affect the number of days ( duration ) you suffer with the cold	-0.2356488	-0.046427645	-0.2356488	3.112176907	2.924137674	3.035834995	Negative	0	0	support
23	21	vitamin see supplements also increase the risk for kidney stones , a particularly painful condition to have	-0.23564446	-0.046430208	-0.23564446	2.761969378	2.5692822	2.679376086	Negative	0	0	neutral
24	22	according to the researchers , one possible explanation is that vitamin see lowers the severity of cold symptoms , such as chills and coughs	-0.23564187	-0.046431743	-0.23564187	2.929557364	2.808506749	2.942422185	Negative	0	0	support
25	23	men doing heavy physical exercise are particularly prone to respiratory infections , and taking 600 mg to 1g vitamin see per day was found to half the risk of cold symptoms for military troops under training , as well as for participants in a 90 kiss me running race	-0.23569116	-0.04640241	-0.23569116	3.746327103	3.503426706	3.56007293	Negative	0	0	support
26	24	whether vitamin see has an effect on the common cold has been a subject of controversy for at least 60 years	-0.23564681	-0.046428837	-0.23564681	2.087817693	2.338276212	2.172370434	Negative	1	0	neutral
27	25	for most people , it 's also okay if you take supplements in the recommended amount	-0.23563999	-0.046432868	-0.23563999	3.783850986	3.569709534	3.556624916	Positive	0	0	neutral
28	26	even more recently , van straten and jos ling found that subjects receiving a vitamin see supplement for 60 days during winter see had significantly fewer colds as compared to placebo	-0.23566148	-0.046420164	-0.23566148	2.725442625	2.802327346	2.69783019	Negative	0	0	support
29	27	a recently updated cochrane systematic review evaluated the benefits of vitamin see and the common cold in three areas as a regular supplement to prevent the common cold ( frequency ) regular supplement to reduce the duration and severity of symptoms , and treatment , once a cold was present to reduce the duration and severity of symptoms prevent getting the common cold while taking vitamin see as a regular supplement	-0.23572403	-0.046383113	-0.23572403	2.371908888	2.551155664	2.668686053	Negative	0	0	neutral
30	28	researchers have found that zinc is the best supplement for warding off colds , while vitamin see is likely to be a waste of money	-0.23564497	-0.04642991	-0.23564497	2.597455926	2.662556239	2.99432185	Negative	0	0	oppose
31	29	by 1982 , about thirty of these were reported and the majority of medical scientists had concluded that supplementation with vitamin see does not prevent colds and , at best , may slightly reduce the symptoms of a cold	-0.2356529	-0.046425246	-0.2356529	3.166016663	3.164660586	3.330766254	Negative	0	0	oppose
32	30	but in people who work out , vitamin see can halve the risk and even help get rid of the sniffles	-0.23563834	-0.0464338	-0.23563834	3.402962935	3.346160383	3.415833042	Negative	0	0	support
33	31	this study demonstrated that doses of vitamin see greater than 1000 mg confer a beneficial response in battling the duration and severity of the common cold	-0.23565225	-0.046425633	-0.23565225	2.576630183	2.627716153	2.775863854	Negative	0	0	support
34	32	and male teenage swimmers who caught a cold and were treated with the supplement shook off their illness twice as quickly as boys who did n't take the vitamin	-0.23565096	-0.0464264	-0.23565096	2.554082892	2.567350462	2.621367954	Negative	0	0	support
35	33	higher doses of vitamin see ( greater than too , 000 milligrams per day ) may cause kidney stones , nausea , and diarrhea	-0.23565896	-0.046421684	-0.23565896	4.337134191	4.152271254	3.981782092	Negative	0	0	oppose
36	34	analyzing data from more than 85 , 000 women in the nurses health study , researchers at children is hospital , boston , reported in 2003 that those with the highest intake of see had the lowest risk of heart disease over a 16 year period	-0.23566711	-0.046416767	-0.23566711	3.741313174	3.572281958	3.745057245	Negative	0	0	neutral
37	35	there simply isn t enough evidence that vitamin see prevents colds	-0.23563963	-0.04643304	-0.23563963	2.224274008	1.887817351	2.197842477	Negative	0	0	oppose
38	36	the current recommended daily intake for men is 90 mg and for women it is 75 mg denial of normal t waste your money on megadoses of vitamin see , says higdon	-0.23565389	-0.046424665	-0.23565389	2.142832435	1.748880735	2.123215812	Negative	0	0	neutral
39	37	some studies suggest taking vitamin see has a modest effect on the common cold , but do n't expect miracles , one expert says	-0.23564517	-0.046429776	-0.23564517	2.524325178	2.616834039	2.866747887	Negative	1	0	support
40	38	the authors found seven trials ( all in adults ) evaluating whether vitamin see taken when their symptoms started would shorten the cold	-0.23564592	-0.046429344	-0.23564592	3.410307546	3.382859641	3.51123623	Negative	0	0	neutral
41	39	according to some studies , taking vitamin see may also reduce the duration of the common cold by a day or two	-0.23564991	-0.04642702	-0.23564991	2.780351892	2.695878838	2.806722653	Negative	0	0	support
42	40	there was a decrease in the number of days that the cold affected people specifically , a decrease of 8 in adults ( 17 studies , 7215 participants ) was shown	-0.2356569	-0.046422854	-0.2356569	3.705576264	3.302584066	3.53845154	Negative	0	0	support
43	41	most scientists agree that vitamin see is not an effective treatment for the common cold	-0.23564228	-0.04643152	-0.23564228	3.311619112	3.263566848	3.231438599	Negative	0	1	oppose
44	42	before you assume that vitamin see is worthless , there may be a small benefit to getting higher doses of vitamin see when you feel the symptoms of a cold coming on	-0.23564991	-0.04642699	-0.23564991	2.794263383	2.910477997	2.674462473	Negative	0	0	support
45	43	the researchers also found that children also appear to be more responsive to the vitamin than adults , with a daily one gram dose slashing the average duration of colds in children by 18 per cent and in adults by 8 per cent	-0.23568413	-0.04640671	-0.23568413	3.398800732	3.525780462	3.412337593	Negative	0	0	support
46	44	the children receiving vitamin see averaged 0 38 colds per person while the placebo group averaged 0 37	-0.23565684	-0.046422936	-0.23565684	2.562137169	2.914786751	2.575945797	Negative	0	0	neutral
47	45	experts from the national institutes of health ( nih ) , suggest that vitamin see does not prevent you from catching a cold at all , but it may slightly reduce the duration of the cold if taken regularly	-0.2356548	-0.0464241	-0.2356548	3.585513298	3.460482349	3.558383832	Negative	0	0	support
48	46	large doses of vitamin see are also likely to cause nausea , diarrhoea and stomach cramps	-0.23564646	-0.04642903	-0.23564646	4.872894138	4.619430689	4.595408352	Negative	0	0	neutral
49	47	the results of this study were that flu and cold symptoms in the test group treated with vitamin see decreased by 85 compared to the control group	-0.23565397	-0.046424627	-0.23565397	3.865575763	3.665415018	3.662014305	Negative	0	0	support
50	48	regular supplements do not prevent colds in most people but they seem to reduce the severity of cold symptoms	-0.23564276	-0.04643122	-0.23564276	2.314388868	2.508697763	2.490271738	Negative	0	0	support
51	49	linus pauling 's book vitamin see and the common cold , published in 1970 , was a bestseller and led many people to believe in the value of the vitamin for cold prevention and treatment	-0.23565732	-0.0464226	-0.23565732	2.695328811	2.557333335	2.58222609	Negative	0	0	neutral
52	50	vitamin see strengthens connective tissue , increasing resistance to viral invasion	-0.23564336	-0.046430856	-0.23564336	1.77051712	2.263105535	2.072730611	Negative	0	0	support
53	51	amongst the 21 studies they concluded that there was no effect of vitamin see supplementation upon the incidence of the common cold , but that there was a significant dose dependent impact upon the severity and duration of the cold	-0.23565593	-0.046423405	-0.23565593	3.201902252	3.0154423	3.074922042	Negative	0	0	support
54	52	the role vitamin see plays , with respect to the common cold , remains controversial , says beth isaac , pharmd	-0.23563793	-0.046434067	-0.23563793	2.109662257	1.719769976	2.166465448	Negative	0	0	neutral
55	53	vitamin see became popular in the seventies after nobel laureate linus pauling concluded it could prevent and alleviate colds	-0.23563525	-0.046435602	-0.23563525	3.266762286	2.836818456	2.986672947	Negative	0	0	support
56	54	after reviewing this evidence it appears that there are possible health benefits from taking vitamin see supplements if you are concerned about becoming plagued by the common cold , but it is important to take note that the effects of supplementation are not the same for everyone !	-0.23565221	-0.046425603	-0.23565221	2.711402634	2.691213646	2.9148484	Negative	0	0	neutral
57	55	britons are wasting million of pounds buying vitamin see supplements to ward off colds after researchers found they have no benefit at all	-0.23564765	-0.046428315	-0.23564765	3.196157478	3.201565555	3.205714048	Negative	0	0	oppose
58	56	although cochrane review found no evidence to support an effect in preventing colds , this was probably because doses higher than those usually taken are needed	-0.2356484	-0.04642787	-0.2356484	2.315766578	2.463139994	2.702396578	Negative	0	0	support
59	57	the cou leh an team reported in 1974 that the vitamin see group had less severe colds	-0.23564392	-0.04643055	-0.23564392	2.752383949	2.727824792	3.02883669	Negative	0	0	support
60	58	when it comes to flu , one person in three believes that taking vitamin see can cure the flu virus	-0.23564586	-0.04642938	-0.23564586	3.693246383	3.80657009	3.718805958	Negative	0	0	neutral
61	59	the authors concluded that vitamin see was effective in fighting off common cold	-0.23564151	-0.046431936	-0.23564151	2.721574174	2.877432293	2.86234561	Negative	0	0	support
62	60	vitamin see may be effective for the common cold for specific types of people , she adds	-0.23564538	-0.04642967	-0.23564538	3.272213958	3.254630207	3.201776308	Negative	0	1	support
63	61	vitamin see is a potent antioxidant , able to neutralize unstable oxygen molecules that might otherwise damage dna	-0.23565091	-0.046426423	-0.23565091	2.599862293	2.428271073	2.165425456	Positive	0	0	neutral
64	62	the study of vitamin see became very popular after linus pauling , a nobel laureate in chemistry , claimed that it prevented many different diseases , including the common cold	-0.23565689	-0.046422876	-0.23565689	3.005304104	2.623551409	2.747679867	Negative	0	0	support
65	63	the many studies done in the last 30 years clearly prove that daily vitamin see supplements , whether 100 mg or 5 , 000 mg , do not prevent colds and provide , but only for some people , only a slight reduction in duration and severity of colds	-0.23567227	-0.046413682	-0.23567227	3.023205132	2.852874426	2.856814541	Negative	0	0	oppose
66	64	it is the uk is most popular vitamin with annual sales of around 36 million	-0.23564461	-0.046430133	-0.23564461	1.49768083	0.349560162	1.211386447	Neutral	0	0	neutral
67	65	for smokers , the recommended intake is 35 mg day higher than for nonsmokers , because smokers are under increased oxidative stress from the toxins in cigarette smoke and generally have lower blood levels of vitamin see	-0.23567009	-0.046415053	-0.23567009	3.375902084	3.229034927	3.114038077	Negative	0	0	neutral
68	66	whether vitamin see is a reasonable way to treat the common cold remains a more open question	-0.23564486	-0.04642997	-0.23564486	2.622412286	2.459878106	2.672143817	Negative	0	1	neutral
69	67	a study carried out in 2010 found participants taking vitamin see daily had less severe cold symptoms but only if they started taking vitamin see prior to developing cold symptoms	-0.23565906	-0.046421565	-0.23565906	3.029245046	2.971451049	2.977808569	Negative	0	0	support
70	68	no reduction in the incidence of colds was observed , but those taking vitamin see averaged less time at home ( 1 62 versus 1 12 days indoors )	-0.23565848	-0.04642193	-0.23565848	3.142185009	3.326219866	3.100992489	Negative	0	0	support
71	69	similarly they found a 17 decrease in the duration of the common cold amongst participants that consumed 6000 mg day	-0.2356531	-0.046425126	-0.2356531	3.312684322	2.954185086	3.113429516	Negative	0	0	support
72	70	pauling himself reportedly took 12 , 000 mg daily and raised it to 40 , 000 mg when symptoms of a cold appeared !	-0.23565276	-0.046425313	-0.23565276	4.057608133	3.972236617	3.845620688	Negative	0	0	neutral
73	71	of these , 12 trials showed no prevention and no reduction in duration or severity , five trials showed no prevention and only slight , statistically non significant lessening of severity , and the other five trials reported no prevention and a small but significant in reduction of duration of the colds	-0.23566619	-0.046417296	-0.23566619	3.483612186	3.448202798	3.624748822	Negative	0	0	neutral
74	72	there is very little evidence demonstrating that vitamin see has any significant effect on the common cold	-0.23564349	-0.046430804	-0.23564349	2.528283469	2.593022672	2.779389824	Negative	1	0	oppose
75	73	when you weigh the benefits and downsides , the scales tip strongly towards not taking high dose vitamin see	-0.23564814	-0.046428062	-0.23564814	3.351131343	3.152509671	3.121247517	Negative	0	0	oppose
76	74	however a recent cochrane review found that regular vitamin see supplements had no effect on common cold incidence although it may shorten the time the disease lasts	-0.23565595	-0.046423443	-0.23565595	2.621835564	2.847768416	2.81164669	Neutral	1	0	support
77	75	women need 60 mg of vitamin see daily	-0.23564358	-0.046430744	-0.23564358	3.317186377	3.016128805	3.031150133	Neutral	0	0	neutral
78	76	vitamin see does t prevent colds	-0.23563796	-0.046434052	-0.23563796	2.124540271	2.302666208	2.277301331	Negative	0	0	oppose
79	77	unfortunately however , although commonly thought to , vitamin see does not offer a great deal of protection against the common cold	-0.2356466	-0.046428926	-0.2356466	1.940822205	2.351325163	1.89355948	Negative	0	0	oppose
80	78	so far , at least 30 experiments have tested the ability of vitamin see to protect against colds in large groups of people	-0.23565206	-0.046425752	-0.23565206	2.761036321	2.757081408	2.882880751	Negative	0	0	neutral
81	79	these four important functions of vitamin see work together to safely and effectively reduce the frequency , severity , and duration of a cold	-0.23564962	-0.046427168	-0.23564962	3.198114303	3.06195274	3.360082688	Negative	0	0	support
82	80	the nhs advises not to take more than 1 , 000 mg daily	-0.23564246	-0.04643137	-0.23564246	3.740799767	3.636577391	3.502824235	Neutral	0	0	neutral
83	81	taking vitamin see as a treatment at the beginning of a cold does n't make any important difference with the duration and severity of symptoms	-0.23564577	-0.046429433	-0.23564577	2.953486187	2.990995563	3.121589056	Negative	0	0	oppose
84	82	as for the flu , there are no modern studies suggesting that the vitamin can help prevent the flu , though research from the 1940s and 1950s hints at a protective effect , lawson said	-0.23564424	-0.046430327	-0.23564424	4.242554563	3.984946219	4.040340365	Negative	0	0	neutral
85	83	people in extremely good physical condition , such as marathon runners , who took vitamin see every day cut their risk of catching a cold in half	-0.235655	-0.046423994	-0.235655	4.143791459	4.208288639	4.070399442	Negative	0	0	support