Stance-Detection-in-Web-and-Social-Media/SEN-SVM/final_feature_set/EC_train.csv

1	Unnamed:0	sentence	ent_nut	ent_pos	ent_neg	sta_nut	sta_sup	sta_opp	senti	med_aff	med_treat	label
2	0	as of 2015 , the short and long term effects from using e cigarettes remain unclear	0.1814472	0.18807152	0.1814472	4.097449759	3.809998171	4.05937994	Negative	0	0	neutral
3	1	researchers found that 75 of tested e cigarette samples contained diacetyl , which when inhaled has been linked to the respiratory disease bronchiolitis obliterans	0.18144646	0.18807387	0.18144646	3.542253826	3.327713994	3.87123121	Negative	0	0	oppose
4	2	since e cigarettes are intended to be used repeatedly , they can conveniently be used for an extended period of time , which may contribute to increased adverse effects	0.18144953	0.18808047	0.18144953	2.93227994	2.779078997	3.088603997	Negative	0	0	oppose
5	3	the authors of a letter in this week is nejm project that the associated incremental lifetime risk of cancer could be higher than that from long term smoking	0.18144539	0.18807136	0.18144539	2.831506789	2.774383807	3.038836439	Negative	0	0	oppose
6	4	since they landed on the market in 2004 , e cigarettes have been dogged by controversy	0.1814482	0.1880754	0.1814482	4.05556251	3.793302998	3.811668604	Negative	0	0	neutral
7	5	because some research has suggested that the levels of most toxicants in vapor are lower than the levels in smoke , e cigarettes have been deemed to be safer than regular cigarettes	0.18144417	0.18807103	0.18144417	3.719567742	3.550142294	3.734409021	Negative	0	0	support
8	6	again , however , there are no long term epidemiological or observational data in actual humans using e cigarettes	0.1814453	0.18806657	0.1814453	3.437620384	3.472211386	3.420199993	Negative	0	0	support
9	7	e cigarettes also contain ' cancer causing chemicals such as formaldehyde	0.18144423	0.18807173	0.18144423	3.269171702	3.035839817	3.387219103	Negative	0	0	oppose
10	8	non daily use of e cigarettes while smoking does not appear to be associated with cessation attempts , cessation or reduced smoking	0.18144298	0.18806365	0.18144298	3.718815836	3.366741793	3.358600199	Negative	0	0	neutral
11	9	when used at low voltage , e cigarettes did not create any formaldehyde releasing agents , the researchers found	0.18144864	0.18807657	0.18144864	3.194451558	2.916077512	3.216786678	Negative	0	0	neutral
12	10	the safety of electronic cigarettes is uncertain	0.18144669	0.18807288	0.18144669	4.28369929	4.01077838	4.275103459	Negative	0	0	oppose
13	11	unlike traditional cigarettes , the devices are not regulated by us authorities , leading to concern among some experts that they may be harmful to health	0.18144709	0.18807657	0.18144709	3.393821371	3.336659384	3.371572022	Negative	0	0	oppose
14	12	the findings showed that the formaldehyde releasing agents were not present at low voltages , but high voltage use released a dangerous amount of these agents	0.18144774	0.18807457	0.18144774	3.411250839	3.032199415	3.476080141	Negative	0	0	oppose
15	13	now a new study suggests that e cigarettes may pose significant harm to va per s , having found that more than 75 percent of the e cigarette varieties tested contained diacetyl a flavouring chemical that 's previously been linked to the severe respiratory disease , bronchiolitis obliterans	0.18145335	0.18807262	0.18145335	3.741149231	3.54644687	3.932725796	Neutral	0	0	oppose
16	14	concerns exist that e cigarette user exposure to toxic levels of nicotine may be harmful	0.18144585	0.18806975	0.18144585	3.174838608	2.992791987	3.25306126	Negative	0	0	oppose
17	15	but now a new study suggests that the healthier electronic cigarette alternative may not be as harmless for you after all	0.18144882	0.18807554	0.18144882	4.313776651	4.012565029	4.305841958	Neutral	0	0	oppose
18	16	in 45 of 50 states , e cigarette use is not strictly outlawed at smoke free venues , but in many areas there is a movement to change that	0.18145038	0.18807258	0.18145038	3.665081725	3.365873249	3.314567499	Negative	0	0	neutral
19	17	a 2014 review found higher levels of carcinogens and toxins than in an fda approved nicotine inhaler , suggesting that fda approved devices may deliver nicotine more safely	0.1814516	0.18807268	0.1814516	4.197212922	3.897719572	4.192055241	Positive	0	0	support
20	18	about 67 percent of the 128 physicians surveyed indicated e cigarettes are a helpful aid for smoking cessation , 65 percent believe e cigarettes represent a lower risk of cancer than traditional cigarettes , and 35 percent recommended them to their patients	0.1814509	0.18808082	0.1814509	3.559038768	3.531338774	3.463164048	Negative	0	0	support
21	19	it is not enough that regular cigarettes pose various health risks , but it looks like e cigarettes may also raise some significant health concerns , according to a new study	0.18144526	0.18806455	0.18144526	3.675890316	3.474852899	3.728337145	Negative	0	0	oppose
22	20	since their introduction to the you is market in 2007 , e cigarettes have prompted debate as to their risk in general and relative to cigarettes	0.18144578	0.18806747	0.18144578	2.554317265	2.650066426	2.828528859	Negative	0	0	oppose
23	21	cigarette smoke contains 1014 free radicals per puff	0.1814481	0.18807617	0.1814481	4.320949228	4.067131746	4.265715826	Negative	0	0	neutral
24	22	the number of teens and teens using e cigarettes has grown dramatically , with some now calling it the gateway drug of choice that leads to more addictive behavior	0.18144475	0.18807438	0.18144475	3.959829292	3.666110237	4.052365366	Negative	0	0	oppose
25	23	research suggests that v aping may not be as safe as smokers think ,	0.18144998	0.18807915	0.18144998	4.546224952	4.117551141	4.449456525	Negative	0	0	oppose
26	24	and many health experts believe that because so little research has been done on e cigarettes , they may pose unknown risks	0.18144816	0.18807074	0.18144816	3.28630731	3.146272413	3.340332146	Negative	0	0	oppose
27	25	e cigarettes also make it a lot easier for current smokers to stop smoking , as it provides a similar experience to smoking	0.18144642	0.1880716	0.18144642	3.546940419	3.415546892	3.114580941	Negative	0	0	support
28	26	better product design and standards could probably be reduce the risks	0.1814482	0.18807332	0.1814482	3.822993902	3.404998348	3.431957415	Positive	0	0	neutral
29	27	researchers found that e cigarettes produce high levels of highly reactive harmful free radicals that fall in the range of 1 , 000 to 100 times less than levels in regular cigarettes	0.18144608	0.18807031	0.18144608	3.145547225	2.881673615	3.165181809	Negative	0	0	oppose
30	28	a recent review concluded that the vapors are likely safe , but did so based on primarily on a review of chemical analysis of e cigarette vapor	0.18144524	0.18806854	0.18144524	2.775348155	3.220037484	2.888559705	Negative	0	0	support
31	29	a previous study suggests when an e cigarette voltage is increased from 3 2v to for 8v it produces almost as much formaldehyde as a regular cigarette , and formaldehyde is a carcinogenic substance	0.18144572	0.18808189	0.18144572	3.060598436	2.959695126	3.200534384	Negative	0	0	oppose
32	30	e cigarettes contain less nicotine than cigarettes , but actual nicotine intake by e cigarette users can approximate that of cigarette smokers	0.18144466	0.18807244	0.18144466	2.961954558	2.885082286	2.99792446	Negative	0	0	oppose
33	31	previous analysis of e cigarette vapor have identified chemicals that could be toxic or carcinogenic , including particulates , formaldehyde , and volatile organic compounds , but at lower levels than cigarette smoke	0.18145323	0.18808457	0.18145323	3.184086534	3.260029377	3.193332203	Negative	0	0	support
34	32	leaked nicotine is a poisoning hazard for the user of electronic cigarettes , as well as others around them , particularly children	0.1814478	0.18807238	0.1814478	4.179770934	3.822749591	4.22512613	Negative	0	0	oppose
35	33	e cigarettes are electronic devices that are thought to be less harmful to smokers than regular cigarettes	0.18144888	0.18807295	0.18144888	3.003597857	3.023820873	2.964789386	Neutral	0	0	support
36	34	study of mice finds that e cigarettes generate free radical toxins and may harm the lungs and immune system	0.18144765	0.18806903	0.18144765	4.222766101	3.968641645	4.269947784	Negative	0	0	oppose
37	35	electronic or e cigarettes , increasingly popular in recent years , are plastic or metal tubes slightly larger than traditional cigarettes	0.18145144	0.18807898	0.18145144	3.787859367	3.486082679	3.463448819	Positive	0	0	neutral
38	36	a 2013 review found , from limited data that safety risk of e cigarettes is similar to that of smokeless tobacco	0.18144445	0.1880661	0.18144445	3.044747429	3.12659077	3.113690349	Negative	0	0	oppose
39	37	particularly lacking are long term studies of e cigarette use , obviously because they have only been on the market for less than a decade and only skyrocketed in popularity beginning around five years ago	0.18144928	0.18807521	0.18144928	3.857749282	3.439626051	3.524261352	Negative	0	0	neutral
40	38	however , a team of american researchers reported later that e cigarettes cannot help stop smoking , on the other hand , can turn youngsters into dual smokers , making them smoke more nicotine	0.18144926	0.18807891	0.18144926	3.378948922	3.035087314	2.954260987	Neutral	0	0	neutral
41	39	a study released the centers for disease control and prevention ( cdc ) found that about 21 of adults who smoke traditional cigarettes had used e cigarettes in 2011 , compared with about 10 percent in 2010	0.18144454	0.18806066	0.18144454	3.463712077	3.198227082	3.278977554	Negative	0	0	neutral
42	40	as our study shows , e cigarettes contain flavoring chemicals that can cause lung damage	0.181448	0.18807693	0.181448	3.059576945	2.731718362	3.225295905	Negative	0	0	oppose
43	41	the adverse effects of e cigarettes on people with cancer is unknown	0.1814456	0.18807355	0.1814456	3.632651695	3.380588183	3.64398803	Negative	0	0	neutral
44	42	while some argue that vapor offers health advantages over traditional cigarette smoke , regulatory agencies and some health experts are n't so sure that 's true	0.18144806	0.18808065	0.18144806	3.232243304	3.219207647	3.336586036	Negative	0	0	oppose
45	43	the uk action on smoking and health found that in 2015 , compared to the year before , there has been a growing false belief that electronic cigarettes could be as harmful as smoking	0.18144551	0.18807739	0.18144551	2.721459358	2.893191069	2.895969903	Negative	0	0	oppose
46	44	there are safety issues with the nicotine exposure from e cigarettes , which may cause addiction and other adverse effects	0.18144675	0.18806764	0.18144675	3.944373281	3.57777211	3.949624151	Negative	0	0	oppose
47	45	sales of electronic cigarettes have risen dramatically in recent years	0.18144779	0.18807375	0.18144779	3.532993898	2.957959536	2.891153271	Negative	0	0	neutral
48	46	the 2015 public health england report looking at the research concluded that by applying maximum power and increasing the time the device is used on a puffing machine , e liquids can thermally degrade and produce high levels of formaldehyde , a carcinogenic substance	0.18143985	0.18806739	0.18143985	3.025143082	3.000763872	3.192699908	Negative	0	0	oppose
49	47	daily use of e cigarettes while smoking appears to be associated with subsequent increases in rates of attempting to stop smoking and reducing smoking , but not with smoking cessation	0.18144625	0.18807487	0.18144625	2.969154989	2.653588886	2.364632983	Negative	0	0	neutral
50	48	there is a small risk of battery explosion in e cigarette devices modified to increase battery power	0.18144533	0.18807265	0.18144533	3.758603765	3.476663583	3.764784109	Positive	0	0	oppose
51	49	the food and drug administration is expected to propose regulations for e cigarettes by the end of this month	0.18144846	0.18807021	0.18144846	2.891830565	2.193097959	2.518347721	Negative	0	0	neutral
52	50	that difference is crucial for smokers contemplating a switch to v aping , because it means they can avoid the myriad toxins and carcinogens generated by tobacco combustion , thereby dramatically reducing the health hazards they face	0.18144862	0.18807186	0.18144862	4.143032891	4.117638824	3.873979557	Negative	0	0	support
53	51	study shows , e cigarettes wo n't help you quit smoking	0.18145111	0.18807936	0.18145111	2.898731006	2.635562992	2.778707863	Negative	0	0	neutral
54	52	a group of experts attending the e cigarette summit at the royal society in london , last month claimed that switching from traditional to electronic cigarettes could help reduce smoking related deaths across the world	0.18144351	0.18805397	0.18144351	3.621173405	3.69269456	3.476776514	Negative	0	0	support
55	53	the e cigarette device itself could contribute to the toxicity from the tiny amounts of silicate and heavy metals found in the liquid and vapor , because they have a metal parts that come in contact with the e liquid	0.18144636	0.18806885	0.18144636	3.945880696	3.671332666	3.991656048	Negative	0	0	oppose
56	54	while the health consequences of long term e cigarette use are still unknown , evidence to date suggests there are few if any health consequences	0.18144783	0.1880814	0.18144783	3.848619457	3.720595936	3.7095439	Negative	0	0	support
57	55	a harvard study claiming most e cigarette brands expose users to harmful chemicals omits critical information and exaggerates the risks of flavored e cigarettes , according to tobacco control experts	0.18144818	0.18806754	0.18144818	3.028263875	3.249891283	3.001551035	Negative	0	0	support
58	56	earlier this year , the research showed that e cigarette users were anywhere between five and 15 times more likely to contract formaldehyde related cancer than regular cigarette smokers	0.18145233	0.18807627	0.18145233	2.989849539	2.814706793	3.143146558	Negative	0	0	oppose
59	57	many are similar enough in appearance to be mistaken for regular tobacco cigarettes	0.1814491	0.18807697	0.1814491	3.989392932	3.670767055	3.712343834	Neutral	0	0	neutral
60	58	a 2014 review stated that there are concerns about pregnant women exposure to e cigarette vapor through direct use or via exhaled vapor	0.18144602	0.18807022	0.18144602	3.826338779	3.724115798	3.891198912	Negative	0	0	oppose
61	59	in october 2012 , the world medical association stated , manufacturers and marketers of e cigarettes often claim that use of their products is a safe alternative to smoking , particularly since they do not produce carcinogenic smoke	0.18144628	0.18805446	0.18144628	3.939882731	3.788160114	3.764453694	Negative	0	0	support
62	60	the study says that while diacetyl is safe when ingested as a component of foods and spirits , it can be hazardous when inhaled over an extended period , according to the united states national institute of occupational safety and health	0.18144655	0.18807325	0.18144655	3.962096649	3.608973107	4.184380791	Negative	0	0	oppose
63	61	prenatal exposure has been associated with obesity , diabetes , high cholesterol and high blood pressure in minors	0.18144852	0.18807603	0.18144852	3.654802763	3.472842604	3.915480663	Negative	0	0	oppose
64	62	diacetyl , a flavoring chemical linked to cases of severe respiratory disease , was found in more than 75 percent of flavored electronic cigarettes and refill liquids tested by researchers at harvard	0.1814454	0.1880721	0.1814454	4.268829942	3.894963427	4.419331504	Negative	0	0	oppose
65	63	what studies the fda has done have focused on limited lab studies of certain sample products on which they found significant quality control issues in the way these items are manufactured	0.1814469	0.18807212	0.1814469	3.468870766	3.196829448	3.547046869	Negative	0	0	oppose
66	64	as of 2015 , the long term issues of e cigarettes on both mother and unborn baby are unknown	0.18145102	0.18807958	0.18145102	4.799314323	4.444988244	4.750076507	Negative	0	0	oppose
67	65	e cigarettes are battery powered devices that heat a liquid nicotine solution in a disposable cartridge and create a vapor that is inhaled	0.18144788	0.18807189	0.18144788	3.489609034	3.013233505	3.18128441	Negative	0	0	neutral
68	66	there is no long term research concerning the cancer risk related to the small level of exposure to the identified carcinogens that may be in e cigarette vapor	0.18144655	0.18807551	0.18144655	3.950147165	3.646553225	3.957966394	Negative	0	0	neutral
69	67	choking on e cigarette components is also a potential hazard	0.18144664	0.18806916	0.18144664	4.457048329	4.168193585	4.432741565	Negative	0	0	oppose
70	68	some batteries are not well designed , are made with poor quality components , or have defects	0.1814453	0.18807119	0.1814453	3.649047698	2.878914105	2.961433065	Negative	0	0	neutral
71	69	there are currently more than 7 , 000 varieties of flavored e cigarettes and e juice ( nicotine containing liquid that is used in refillable devices ) on the market	0.18144631	0.18805982	0.18144631	3.701060395	3.354285875	3.646373286	Negative	0	0	neutral
72	70	inhaling vapors of diacetyl , a chemical that is used to flavor e cigarette products such as cotton candy and many others , may lead to a respiratory disease called bronchiolitis obliterans	0.18144694	0.18806712	0.18144694	3.626882704	3.330901209	3.772959076	Negative	0	0	oppose
73	71	in fact , some e cigarettes contain nicotine levels comparable to those in regular cigarettes	0.18144763	0.18807225	0.18144763	2.546937614	2.516831883	2.779233435	Negative	0	0	oppose
74	72	e cigarettes , hookahs and cigars are safe alternatives	0.18144593	0.18807006	0.18144593	2.457457684	2.775038205	2.216278381	Negative	0	0	support
75	73	concerns about the carcinogenicity of e cigarettes arise from both nicotine and from other chemicals that may be in the vapor	0.18144721	0.18807617	0.18144721	3.13885457	2.986398528	3.241801591	Negative	0	0	oppose
76	74	given that e cigarettes are being touted as a replacement for smoking and thus presumably for long term use rather than short term use as a tool to quit smoking , this is a rather glaring problem	0.18145356	0.18808119	0.18145356	3.726338069	3.486528606	3.674042731	Negative	0	0	oppose
77	75	the fda does not currently regulate e cigarettes	0.18144554	0.18807252	0.18144554	3.52356264	3.289147451	3.455225358	Negative	0	0	neutral
78	76	there is no serious scientific dispute on this point , although people who should know better often pretend otherwise	0.18144764	0.18807128	0.18144764	4.246528652	3.792865451	3.513268055	Negative	0	0	neutral
79	77	e cigarette alarmists like to cite cdc survey data indicating that e cigarette use among students doubled in the last year , as 40 state attorneys general noted last month in a letter to the fda	0.18146062	0.18809716	0.18146062	3.391974163	3.040837954	2.921505535	Negative	0	0	neutral
80	78	researchers tested 51 e cigarette flavorings and found chemicals linked to lung disease in 47 of them	0.18144868	0.18807694	0.18144868	3.710621092	3.428650092	3.788198375	Negative	0	0	oppose
81	79	e cigarettes , which at their simplest consist of a battery , an atomizer and a cartridge , produce a vapor that is inhaled and then exhaled by the user	0.18144742	0.18807288	0.18144742	3.463996389	3.100474866	3.12291939	Negative	0	0	neutral
82	80	greek researchers found last year in a different study that diacetyl is found in 70 of european e cigarette brands	0.18144734	0.18807752	0.18144734	3.55761187	3.392222306	3.809143693	Neutral	0	0	oppose
83	81	e cigarettes are not currently regulated , although the you is food and drug administration ( fda ) has issued a proposed rule to include e cigarettes under its authority to regulate certain tobacco and nicotine containing products	0.18144926	0.18807581	0.18144926	3.046093173	2.56600211	2.843572542	Negative	0	0	neutral
84	82	a study in the journal addiction , published in june , found that the vapor used in e cigarettes can contain some of the toxicants present in tobacco smoke , but at levels which are much lower	0.18144523	0.18807556	0.18144523	2.702649937	2.912019034	2.69665349	Positive	0	0	support
85	83	the levels were above that of nicotine replacement product users	0.18144758	0.18807553	0.18144758	4.118980574	3.650241059	4.004736608	Negative	0	0	neutral
86	84	the report said , some studies have found that bystanders absorb more nicotine from vapor than from tobacco smoke	0.18144867	0.18807572	0.18144867	3.488949051	3.196711004	3.380900424	Positive	0	0	oppose
87	85	though e cigarette vapor contains far fewer free radicals than cigarette smoke 1 percent as much their presence in e cigarettes still suggests potential health risks that merit further study , the researchers say	0.18145448	0.18808354	0.18145448	3.250986962	3.383038411	3.18003684	Negative	0	0	support
88	86	scientific studies advocate caution before designating e cigarettes as beneficial but va per s continue to believe they are beneficial	0.18144444	0.1880697	0.18144444	3.398933566	3.530270177	3.436887916	Negative	0	0	support
89	87	but the tobacco product label does not really fit either , because e cigarettes do not contain any tobacco , delivering nicotine in a propylene glycol vapor instead of burning dried vegetable matter	0.18144709	0.18807723	0.18144709	3.949121225	3.571448986	3.753921413	Negative	0	0	neutral
90	88	many people are using e cigarettes to help stop smoking , but the devices have not yet been regulated in the same way as products like nicotine patches	0.18144454	0.18807063	0.18144454	3.530845949	3.19115094	3.251843163	Negative	0	0	neutral
91	89	e cigarette battery explosions are caused by an increase in internal battery temperature and some have resulted in severe skin burns	0.18144771	0.18807054	0.18144771	3.945274967	3.467079377	3.82226778	Negative	0	0	oppose
92	90	all tobacco products , including e cigarettes and hookahs , have nicotine , whose highly addictive properties make these products harmful	0.18144588	0.18807504	0.18144588	3.428947914	3.139239642	3.238833505	Negative	0	0	neutral
93	91	not all e cigarettes use propylene glycol as the vaporizing agent ( for example , blue e cigarettes use vegetable glycerin instead ) , although many do , along with flavors designed to make the vapor more pleasant and attractive , such as menthol , vanilla , cherry , coffee bean , chocolate , apple , and , yes , various kinds of tobacco	0.18144293	0.18806729	0.18144293	4.278869529	3.881226702	3.951900775	Negative	0	0	neutral
94	92	normal usage of e cigarettes generates very low levels of formaldehyde , a substance believed to be carcinogenic	0.1814475	0.18807888	0.1814475	3.863299594	3.663773217	3.89490521	Negative	0	0	support
95	93	after that effort was blocked by a federal judge and an appeals court , the agency announced that it would instead regulate e cigarettes as tobacco products	0.18144614	0.18807563	0.18144614	2.469370714	1.969141676	1.720375522	Negative	0	0	neutral
96	94	most e cigarette surveys have reported successful reduction in smoking and benign side effects , such as dry mouth , throat irritation , dry cough , vertigo , headache , and nausea	0.18145297	0.18807442	0.18145297	4.582631657	4.459673848	4.54234515	Negative	0	0	support
97	95	va per s could be at risk of developing the deadly disease popcorn lung after scientists found a toxic chemical in 75 per cent of flavored electronic cigarettes	0.18145113	0.18807563	0.18145113	3.96042964	3.843713052	4.134124076	Negative	0	0	oppose
98	96	rare major injuries have occurred from battery explosions and fires	0.18144414	0.18806821	0.18144414	3.637215662	3.098628386	3.016054835	Negative	0	0	neutral
99	97	a 2014 cochrane review found no serious adverse effects from e cigarette have been reported in trials	0.18144774	0.18806973	0.18144774	3.078895376	3.292005188	3.180347844	Negative	0	0	support
100	98	many scientists , such as those working with public health england , therefore think the risks are likely to be low and certainly much lower than with normal cigarettes	0.1814462	0.18807681	0.1814462	2.739853317	3.124171749	2.623013552	Negative	0	0	support
101	99	unlike cigarette smoke , nearly all of the nicotine is absorbed in v aping	0.18144533	0.18806553	0.18144533	2.972314578	2.950025878	2.802676185	Negative	0	0	neutral
102	100	smoking cigarettes is known to cause damage to every organ in your body , and smoking related illnesses are responsible for one out of every five deaths in the you is	0.1814457	0.18807465	0.1814457	4.085776372	3.844002974	4.037656044	Negative	0	0	neutral
103	101	although studies show only 15 of american is regularly smoke , the emergence of e cigarettes and v aping has taken the smoking industry by storm	0.18144651	0.18807292	0.18144651	3.672716344	3.329538033	3.416041502	Negative	0	0	neutral
104	102	formaldehyde is a known to cause coughing , wheezing , irritation , and cancer	0.18144682	0.18807459	0.18144682	4.098525966	3.780663228	4.238294051	Negative	0	0	oppose
105	103	electronic cigarette use is growing at a significant rate globally , particularly among young people major tobacco companies now own and promote major electronic cigarette brands	0.1814495	0.1880722	0.1814495	3.726866632	3.325465228	3.327747269	Negative	0	0	neutral
106	104	the build up of fatty deposits in the artery wall reduces blood flow , causing blood clots , heart failure , strokes , high blood pressure , renal failure , leg pains and aneurysm ( swelling of blood vessels )	0.18142961	0.1880439	0.18142961	4.847543487	4.23288686	4.423779221	Negative	0	0	neutral
107	105	some public health experts have welcomed e cigarettes as a way to prevent young people from starting to smoke traditional tobacco cigarettes and to help longtime smokers give up the habit entirely	0.18144926	0.18806261	0.18144926	4.159883226	4.024127747	4.006276823	Neutral	0	0	support
108	106	there is no conclusive evidence to support that v aping can be any more effective at helping a traditional smoker quit than traditional nicotine replacement therapies such as patches and gums	0.18144369	0.18806566	0.18144369	4.715384532	4.28957226	4.4506054	Negative	0	0	neutral
109	107	the long term effects of e cigarette use are unknown	0.1814459	0.18807217	0.1814459	3.287180681	3.068184543	3.27299894	Negative	0	0	neutral
110	108	in a relatively short period of times , selling e cigarettes has become big business	0.18144782	0.18807107	0.18144782	4.326211296	4.06254438	4.193439162	Positive	0	0	neutral
111	109	while they are likely less harmful than tobacco cigarettes , e cigarettes cannot be regarded as harmless	0.1814486	0.1880759	0.1814486	3.941227737	3.77447516	3.898594636	Negative	0	0	support
112	110	there really is a dearth of evidence one way or the other regarding the safety of e cigarettes	0.18144819	0.18807198	0.18144819	3.100033398	2.947752588	3.236113148	Negative	0	0	oppose
113	111	boston university public health professor michael siegel , who supports v aping as a harm reducing alternative to smoking , notes that we actually have a much better idea what is in electronic cigarette vapor than what is in tobacco smoke	0.18143708	0.18804981	0.18143708	3.400390758	3.441519939	3.094822604	Negative	0	0	support
114	112	there is little data about their health effects , and considerable variability between vaporizers and in quality of their liquid ingredients and thus the contents of the aerosol delivered to the user	0.18144855	0.18806972	0.18144855	3.540464192	3.004020985	3.205347341	Negative	0	0	neutral
115	113	making definitive statements about the safety or efficacy of e cigarettes is not an evidence based stance	0.18144673	0.18807262	0.18144673	3.893505993	3.532227849	3.827075458	Negative	0	0	oppose
116	114	the harvard school of public health study found that flavoring chemicals used in v aping products can result in cases of lymphocytic bronchiolitis , also known as popcorn lung , an irreversible condition previously identified in workers at microwave popcorn plants	0.18145266	0.18808194	0.18145266	4.670125915	4.273512291	4.665081888	Negative	0	0	oppose
117	115	dr michael katz said the fda should regulate e cigarettes as a drug delivery device , and that e cigarettes should not be allowed to be used in public places where traditional cigarettes has been banned	0.18144897	0.1880724	0.18144897	3.56926656	3.341307413	3.271081536	Negative	0	0	neutral
118	116	while e cigarette vapor does not contain many of the toxic substances that are known to be present in cigarette smoke , it 's still important for us to figure out and to minimize the potential dangers that are associated with e cigarettes	0.1814409	0.18805532	0.1814409	2.993734401	3.144800336	2.946487862	Negative	0	0	support
119	117	the increased risk of popcorn lung could add to the debate over e cigarettes and restriction of their use	0.18144888	0.18807392	0.18144888	3.102475454	2.974546707	3.340768871	Negative	0	0	oppose
120	118	the condition is sometimes called popcorn lung because over ten years ago it was discovered in workers who inhaled artificial butter flavor in microwave popcorn processing facilities	0.18144871	0.18808444	0.18144871	4.734962993	4.146729068	4.368758814	Negative	0	0	neutral
121	119	there are also concerns that their candy and fruit flavors may appeal to youths and put them at risk of addiction	0.18144673	0.18807213	0.18144673	3.300759031	2.792617417	2.926079366	Negative	0	0	neutral
122	120	health canada has stated that , their safety , quality , and efficacy remain unknown	0.18144645	0.18807192	0.18144645	3.404221626	2.676488729	2.798423329	Positive	0	0	neutral
123	121	the canadian cancer society has stated that , a few studies have shown that there may be low levels of harmful substances in some e cigarettes , even if they denial of normal t have nicotine	0.18144886	0.18807998	0.18144886	3.084195812	3.057612701	3.239435627	Negative	0	0	oppose
124	122	even the us centers for disease control and prevention , which recently cited increased consumption of e cigarettes while urging the fda to regulate them , concedes that e cigarettes appear to have far fewer of the toxins found in smoke compared to traditional cigarettes	0.181443	0.18805975	0.181443	3.099466589	3.219852618	2.961483829	Negative	0	0	support
125	123	the perception that e cigarettes pose little health risk is so entrenched that some smokers are switching from cigarettes to e cigarettes	0.18144345	0.18806589	0.18144345	2.257735307	2.58998249	2.204445999	Negative	0	0	support
126	124	studies showed the formaldehyde levels can ultimately cause a cancer , commonly referred to as popcorn lung	0.18144839	0.18806988	0.18144839	3.310367328	2.998229849	3.56255691	Negative	0	0	oppose
127	125	e cigarettes use poses serious threats to adolescents and fetuses	0.181447	0.18807557	0.181447	3.993505235	3.711229505	3.912834057	Negative	0	0	oppose
128	126	long term health effects of e cigarettes are unknown , but compared with cigarettes , they are likely to be much less , if at all , harmful to users or bystanders , the researchers said in the study in addiction	0.1814457	0.18806328	0.1814457	3.965328007	3.719566169	3.929699574	Negative	0	0	support
129	127	poison center calls in the us related to e cigarettes was one call per month in september 2010 to over 200 calls per month in february 2014	0.1814491	0.18806283	0.1814491	3.71950242	3.52758364	3.899878533	Neutral	0	0	oppose
130	128	harvard researchers have looked closely at some of the other chemicals found in e cigarette liquids and have connected one of them to a deadly lung disease	0.18144758	0.18807012	0.18144758	3.520652739	3.292875704	3.698591967	Negative	0	0	oppose
131	129	they get rid of the 4000 other carcinogenic chemicals included in every traditional cigarette	0.181447	0.18807234	0.181447	3.817587812	3.768172313	3.769889697	Negative	0	0	support
132	130	a few years ago , ignoring that danger , the fda sought to ban e cigarettes as approved pharmaceutical products	0.1814458	0.18806843	0.1814458	4.264352685	3.848546753	3.967400674	Negative	0	0	neutral
133	131	e cigarettes work by heating a nicotine containing liquid to create a vapor that users inhale	0.1814447	0.18806769	0.1814447	3.057628258	2.783040063	2.740422731	Negative	0	0	neutral
134	132	the e liquid in e cigarette has a low level of toxicity , and contamination with various chemicals has been identified in the product	0.18144858	0.18808122	0.18144858	2.949388885	2.94427093	3.104747371	Negative	0	0	oppose
135	133	but the world health organization , the london school of hygiene and tropical medicine and the university of liverpool are concerned about the safety of e cigarettes	0.18144469	0.18807283	0.18144469	2.808776161	2.661548716	2.396284272	Negative	0	0	neutral
136	134	new research reported in the new england journal of medicine on jan 22 indicates that vapor produced by electronic cigarettes can contain a surprisingly high concentration of formaldehyde , a known carcinogen to which long term exposure is a recognized cause of lung cancer !	0.18145657	0.18807419	0.18145657	3.454634725	3.257597534	3.500443358	Negative	0	0	oppose
137	135	researchers found that e cigarettes operated at high voltages produce vapor with large amounts of formaldehyde containing chemical compounds	0.18144703	0.18806258	0.18144703	3.240809002	2.849577631	3.093395304	Negative	0	0	neutral
138	136	despite all the uncertainty , on the one side we see anti tobacco activists proclaiming e cigarettes to be potentially harmful and gateway drugs to children leading to the use of real tobacco ,	0.1814421	0.18805973	0.1814421	2.476871089	2.643468257	2.72222019	Neutral	0	0	oppose
139	137	the battery operated e cigarette devices have been marketed as an alternative to traditional cigarettes	0.18144844	0.18807122	0.18144844	3.27244724	3.009513826	3.013997908	Negative	0	0	neutral
140	138	although short term studies of e cigarettes appear not to have found any evidence of significant harms , there are currently no solid long term data regarding the effects of inhaling the vapors produced by e cigarettes	0.18144399	0.18807301	0.18144399	3.740807734	3.535278925	3.697525882	Negative	0	0	support
141	139	in january 2015 the you is federal aviation administration issued a safety alert to air carriers that e cigarettes should not be allowed in checked baggage after a review of fire safety issues , including two fires caused by e cigarettes in checked baggage	0.181453	0.18811446	0.181453	3.45392375	3.282050464	3.590880458	Negative	0	0	oppose
142	140	a 2014 systematic review concluded that the risks of e cigarettes have been exaggerated by health authorities and stated that while there may be some remaining risk , the risk of e cigarette use is likely small compared to smoking tobacco	0.18144667	0.1880754	0.18144667	2.548490037	2.860038385	2.567118738	Negative	0	0	support
143	141	the uk national health service noted that the toxic chemicals found by the fda in e cigarettes were at levels one thousandth that of cigarette smoke , and that while there is no certainty that these small traces are harmless , initial test results are reassuring	0.18145093	0.18809608	0.18145093	3.582185772	3.663510305	3.585736051	Negative	0	0	support
144	142	e cigarettes provide nicotine to the blood quicker than nicotine inhalers	0.18144757	0.18807583	0.18144757	3.324141795	2.980626701	3.117924108	Negative	0	0	neutral
145	143	electronic cigarettes ( known also as e cigarettes ) have also contributed	0.18144755	0.18807209	0.18144755	3.554440631	3.369144595	3.584388986	Negative	0	0	neutral
146	144	dr joel nitz kin , chair of the tobacco control task force for the american association of public health physicians , believes the hazards posed by e cigarettes would be much lower than one percent of that posed by smoking tobacco cigarettes	0.18145248	0.18807113	0.18145248	2.919880319	3.235093582	2.743070043	Negative	0	0	support
147	145	in both 2010 and 2011 , e cigarette use was significantly higher among current smokers compared to both former and never smokers	0.18144277	0.18807077	0.18144277	4.441013031	4.061271731	4.299821419	Negative	0	0	neutral
148	146	the most frequently reported less harmful effects of v aping compared to smoking were reduced shortness of breath , reduced cough , reduced spitting , and reduced sore throat	0.18145198	0.18809229	0.18145198	5.031987054	4.6333286	4.881219002	Negative	0	0	support
149	147	it has been recommended that manufacturing quality standards be imposed in order to prevent such accidents	0.18144822	0.18807639	0.18144822	4.379223778	3.618233693	3.69712158	Negative	0	0	neutral
150	148	a causal relationship between e cigarettes and the reported adverse effects was not established with the exception of two severe outcomes in the united states a death when an infant choked on the cartridges and burns when one blew up	0.18145737	0.18808922	0.18145737	3.651983116	3.534576636	3.866605469	Negative	0	0	oppose
151	149	a norwegian cohort of 51 , 210 people followed from the 1970s until 2003 found no evidence that smokers who cut down their daily cigarette consumption by 50 reduce their risk of premature death significantly	0.1814449	0.18806449	0.1814449	3.650075847	3.1741025	3.093718277	Negative	0	0	neutral
152	150	e cigarettes are potentially harmful	0.18144603	0.18806939	0.18144603	2.954845795	2.961849912	3.022053269	Positive	0	0	oppose
153	151	there is a lack of definitive evidence regarding safety of e cigarettes	0.18144828	0.18807715	0.18144828	2.674092031	2.543027906	2.802624068	Negative	0	0	oppose
154	152	data suggest that long term consumption of nicotine by e cigarette smoking is likely to increase the risk of developing atherosclerosis by stimulating invasion of vascular smooth muscle cells	0.18145406	0.18809186	0.18145406	4.102869531	3.832510296	4.035538526	Negative	0	0	oppose
155	153	whether you see that development as an opportunity or a threat depends on whether you view the matter rationally or through a fog of prejudice that makes anything resembling a cigarette look sinister , regardless of the risks it actually poses	0.18144602	0.18807526	0.18144602	3.099747772	2.728740225	2.553258168	Positive	0	0	neutral
156	154	e cigarette are assumed to be dangerous to the fetus during pregnancy if e cigarettes are used by the mother	0.18144816	0.18807304	0.18144816	2.149207798	2.29256288	2.465061059	Negative	0	0	oppose
157	155	a lot of the cartridges and the bottles of liquid are not child resistant , and children may be attracted to the flavored liquids	0.18144697	0.1880674	0.18144697	3.721857966	3.174638809	3.10408866	Negative	0	0	neutral
158	156	but nearly 70 percent of smokers report they want to quit , and a little more than 42 percent say they 've tried to quit during the past year	0.1814467	0.1880774	0.1814467	4.228667069	3.748452716	3.889629475	Negative	0	0	neutral
159	157	less serious adverse effects from e cigarette use include throat and mouth inflammation , vomiting , nausea , and cough	0.18144344	0.18807022	0.18144344	4.77058789	4.412897358	4.720479377	Negative	0	0	support
160	158	however , research by roswell park cancer institute in buffalo , ny , suggests the way particles are broken down in e cigarettes may irritate lung tissue and cause disease	0.18145002	0.1880813	0.18145002	3.210966496	3.074181433	3.455857399	Neutral	0	0	oppose
161	159	some e cigarettes found to contain up to 15 times the formaldehyde as combustible cigarettes	0.18144602	0.18807073	0.18144602	3.255111837	3.122912627	3.326750852	Negative	0	0	oppose
162	160	the united states fire administration said that 25 fires and explosions were caused by e cigarettes between 2009 and 2015	0.18144375	0.18806915	0.18144375	3.765580306	3.307154984	3.821233868	Negative	0	0	oppose
163	161	in 2015 , public health england estimated v aping to be about 95 safer than smoking	0.1814484	0.18807492	0.1814484	3.034962561	3.391910054	2.926430059	Negative	0	0	support
164	162	researchers have observed that e cigarettes increase the susceptibility to respiratory infections in the mouse models	0.1814487	0.18808198	0.1814487	3.92600594	3.770239476	3.963997642	Negative	0	0	oppose
165	163	safety and risks associated with the e cigarettes were always a topic of discussion since it was first launched in the chinese markets in 2004	0.18144634	0.18807615	0.18144634	3.86274402	3.521974508	3.493076318	Neutral	0	0	neutral
166	164	are j reynolds vapor co is sponsoring a study to determine what potential risks there are in the vapor smoke emitted from an e cigarette compared with a combustible cigarette	0.1814465	0.18807282	0.1814465	2.605179511	2.400573253	2.212401211	Negative	0	0	neutral
167	165	david peyton , a chemistry professor at portland state university who helped conduct the research , says that the type of formaldehyde generated by e cigarettes could increase the likelihood it would get deposited in the lung , leading to lung cancer	0.18144229	0.1880651	0.18144229	3.284368238	3.156951959	3.434646113	Negative	0	0	oppose
168	166	generally , some users are concerned about the possible adverse health effects or toxicity of e cigarettes	0.18144873	0.18807065	0.18144873	3.217807866	2.992613997	3.261132445	Neutral	0	0	neutral
169	167	the researchers said that although e cigarette use is increasing , to date , there is no evidence of regular use by never smokers or by non smoking children	0.18144381	0.1880745	0.18144381	4.067929643	3.722404572	3.941070935	Negative	0	0	neutral
170	168	use of e cigarettes among teens tripled from 2013 to 2014	0.18144874	0.18807462	0.18144874	3.82589193	3.634401179	3.799589405	Negative	0	0	neutral
171	169	the belief that e cigarettes are safer than traditional cigarettes could increase their use for pregnant women	0.18144888	0.18807133	0.18144888	3.43371765	3.290768653	3.514376888	Negative	0	0	oppose
172	170	that approach was blessed by the courts , which noted that the nicotine in e cigarettes is derived from tobacco	0.1814479	0.18807322	0.1814479	2.938999384	2.609766479	2.41085506	Negative	0	0	neutral
173	171	e cigarettes do not contain many of the chemicals in regular cigarettes associated with lung cancer and emphysema	0.18144554	0.18806452	0.18144554	3.603196518	3.403932445	3.65291383	Negative	0	0	support
174	172	the you is food and drug administration last spring announced that it was going to begin regulating e cigarettes	0.18144882	0.1880711	0.18144882	2.712527665	2.110259876	2.327864376	Negative	0	0	neutral
175	173	va per s who keep on smoking which is most of them are fooling themselves if they think they are seriously reducing risk	0.18144625	0.18807323	0.18144625	3.259937952	3.435315832	3.500692713	Negative	0	0	oppose
176	174	there are concerns about the health impacts of pediatric exposure to second hand and third hand e cigarette vapor	0.18144882	0.18807453	0.18144882	2.276985364	2.179530187	2.442009757	Negative	0	0	oppose
177	175	as a result , the fda plans to propose draft regulations for e cigarettes this fall and put them out for public comment	0.1814452	0.1880695	0.1814452	3.356672729	2.884156318	2.842967807	Negative	0	0	neutral
178	176	and , according to the you is centers for disease control and prevention , more than one quarter million teenagers who reported never having smoked a cigarette reported using e cigarettes in 2013	0.18144806	0.18806787	0.18144806	2.989435803	2.793885801	2.889664252	Negative	0	0	neutral
179	177	the long term health impacts of the main chemicals nicotine and propylene glycol in the aerosol are not fully understood	0.18144777	0.18807763	0.18144777	4.682197722	4.319903878	4.486469527	Negative	0	0	neutral
180	178	in flight use of e cigarettes is also prohibited in the you is	0.18144582	0.18807073	0.18144582	3.18626058	2.968887513	2.973873097	Negative	0	0	neutral
181	179	in the united states the number of calls to poison control centers related to electronic cigarettes have increased between 2010 and 2014 , such that they now represent 42 of reported cases due to either cigarettes and e cigarettes up from 0 3	0.18144014	0.18806314	0.18144014	3.082973786	3.048984416	3.316261807	Negative	0	0	oppose
182	180	scientific evidence that e cigarettes can help people quit smoking has only recently started to appear	0.18144853	0.18807454	0.18144853	3.81104347	3.559355735	3.501372682	Negative	0	0	neutral
183	181	smoking e cigarettes have been found to cause popcorn lung	0.18144608	0.1880738	0.18144608	3.067947195	2.929146484	3.123141118	Negative	0	0	oppose
184	182	fans claim they are far less toxic than regular cigarettes and might even help tobacco smokers quit	0.18144108	0.18806438	0.18144108	3.706955299	3.777874902	3.547726793	Neutral	0	0	support
185	183	the us food and drug administration center for tobacco products reported between 2008 and the beginning of 2012 , 47 cases of adverse effects associated with e cigarettes , of which eight were considered serious	0.18144731	0.18807049	0.18144731	3.533691703	3.073642895	3.525671403	Negative	0	0	oppose
186	184	e cigarette vapor might contain traces of cancer causing chemicals like formaldehyde or toxic metals like nickel	0.18144812	0.18807307	0.18144812	4.328084624	4.009873647	4.35397894	Negative	0	0	oppose
187	185	for instance , maria a zz are lli , coordinator of the southern nevada health district is tobacco control program , recently told the las vegas sun that no one can say right now whether e cigarettes are a healthier alternative to cigarettes	0.18146071	0.18809403	0.18146071	2.124645047	2.364862861	2.506610616	Negative	0	0	oppose
188	186	a longitudinal , international study found that , although 85 percent of smokers who used e cigarettes reported using them to quit , e cigarette users did not quit more frequently than nonusers , researchers said	0.18144344	0.18806484	0.18144344	3.451538532	3.107027792	3.261032621	Negative	0	0	neutral
189	187	the chemical mixture vaporized is typically composed of nicotine , propylene glycol , and other chemicals	0.18144706	0.18807559	0.18144706	3.528400206	3.101987537	3.130645667	Negative	0	0	neutral
190	188	although e cigarettes appear to have far fewer of the toxins found in smoke compared with traditional cigarettes , the impact of e cigarettes on long term health must be studied	0.18144754	0.18807003	0.18144754	3.424632913	3.471913276	3.374467016	Negative	0	0	support
191	189	the study heaps praise on e cigarettes with the chief executive of the r sph , shirley cramer commenting getting people on to nicotine rather than using tobacco would make a big difference to the public is health	0.18144529	0.18807524	0.18144529	3.210932159	3.439277623	3.011601857	Negative	0	0	support
192	190	instead of smoke , e cigarettes produce aerosols , tiny liquid particles suspended in a puff of air	0.18144915	0.18807694	0.18144915	3.974955724	3.641684392	3.945859723	Negative	0	0	neutral
193	191	there is limited peer reviewed data about the toxicity of e cigarettes for a complete toxicological evaluation , or one of their cytotoxicity	0.181449	0.18807438	0.181449	2.972080423	3.033641748	2.911565839	Negative	0	0	neutral
194	192	there 's a perception that e cigarettes are healthier than regular cigarettes , or at least not as harmful as regular cigarettes , said john p richie jr , professor of public health sciences and pharmacology	0.18144877	0.1880793	0.18144877	3.321402951	3.591451261	3.221574565	Negative	0	0	support
195	193	three quarters of e cigarettes tested by harvard scientists contained the chemical diacetyl which is known to cause lung damage	0.18144578	0.18806899	0.18144578	2.830121487	2.807430981	3.186431346	Negative	0	0	oppose
196	194	one review noted that reports of adverse effects of e cigarettes decreased over time	0.18144919	0.18807362	0.18144919	3.078878415	3.165179974	3.263033724	Neutral	0	0	support
197	195	the chemicals used in e cigarettes are similar in toxicity to other nicotine replacement products , but there is not enough data to draw conclusions	0.18144646	0.18807346	0.18144646	4.482856456	4.097119012	4.39711006	Negative	0	0	oppose
198	196	e cigarettes are useful adjuncts to smoking cessation	0.18144634	0.18807206	0.18144634	2.437292886	2.352952322	2.165108937	Negative	0	0	neutral
199	197	some case reports found harms to health brought about by e cigarettes in many countries , such as the us and in europe with the most common effect being dryness of the mouth and throat	0.18144721	0.1880858	0.18144721	3.177993038	3.144921657	3.368147842	Negative	0	0	oppose
200	198	with e cigarettes booming in popularity and being marketed as a healthier alternative to traditional smoking , scientists have been investigating the chemicals used in v aping in an attempt to identify any associated health risks	0.1814438	0.18806228	0.1814438	3.45620646	3.543545423	3.411665812	Negative	0	0	support
201	199	the explosions were the result of extended charging , use of unsuitable chargers , or design flaws	0.18144515	0.18807007	0.18144515	5.762648675	5.170501844	5.625410361	Negative	0	0	neutral
202	200	in 2015 , public health england stated that e cigarettes are estimated to be 95 less harmful than smoking	0.18144923	0.18807316	0.18144923	2.468921155	2.853516265	2.462244791	Negative	0	0	support
203	201	they reply generally considered safer than regular cigarettes , because they are smoke free and tobacco free however , they are not nicotine free	0.18144462	0.18807083	0.18144462	3.962050977	3.792154769	3.830404693	Negative	0	0	support
204	202	the researchers determined that e cigarette vapor contains free radicals , known toxins found in cigarette smoke and air pollution	0.1814433	0.18806012	0.1814433	3.706442488	3.48312195	3.690292823	Negative	0	0	oppose
205	203	cigarette smoke contains thousands of chemicals , but nicotine is the major chemical that causes cigarette addiction , hello said in a statement to healthline	0.18144403	0.18806764	0.18144403	3.936219404	3.639497665	3.827876892	Negative	0	0	neutral
206	204	regular cigarettes contain nearly 600 additives , 69 of which are carcinogenic	0.18144521	0.18806782	0.18144521	4.324091332	4.025457427	4.331931579	Negative	0	0	neutral
207	205	survey data indicate that e cigarette use is overwhelmingly concentrated about current and former smokers	0.18144548	0.18806571	0.18144548	3.250378936	2.935106661	2.936575734	Negative	0	0	neutral
208	206	research findings on e cigarettes warrant further study in susceptible individuals , such as copd patients who have switched from cigarettes to e cigarettes , or to new users of e cigarettes who may have never used cigarettes	0.18144348	0.18805583	0.18144348	2.938268066	2.775855024	2.776100442	Negative	0	0	neutral
209	207	another thing working in the favor of e cigarettes in the risk continuum is that they do n't combust the way cigarettes do , limiting some of the chemicals released in cigarette smoke	0.18144466	0.18807952	0.18144466	2.532842616	2.815671259	2.34960744	Negative	0	0	support
210	208	after all , e cigarettes denial of normal t contain the tar and combustion products that cigarette smoke does , although most of them do contain the nicotine	0.18144917	0.1880777	0.18144917	3.246881379	3.042786587	3.118410255	Negative	0	0	neutral
211	209	in july 2014 the world health organization ( who ) report cautioned about potential risks of using e cigarettes	0.18144456	0.18806635	0.18144456	2.476839944	2.582083641	2.636583109	Negative	0	0	oppose
212	210	fda has not approved or recommended any e cigarette for a smoking cessation option	0.18144786	0.18807516	0.18144786	4.25430725	3.992968937	4.138242614	Negative	0	0	neutral
213	211	the american diabetes association states there is no evidence that e cigarettes are a healthier alternative to smoking	0.18144932	0.18807279	0.18144932	3.460073308	3.340911946	3.511400702	Negative	0	0	oppose
214	212	regulated us food and drug administration ( fda ) products such as nicotine inhalers are probably safer than e cigarettes	0.18144387	0.18806438	0.18144387	2.937113588	2.385080901	2.893018	Negative	0	0	oppose
215	213	a more recent analysis finds some toxic chemicals in e cigarette vapor but at much lower levels than in tobacco smoke	0.18144667	0.18806717	0.18144667	3.856269298	3.681629224	3.82395495	Negative	0	0	support
216	214	some people use them as a way to carry on smoking while avoiding cigarette smoke	0.18144679	0.1880778	0.18144679	2.659629705	2.612462362	2.223835028	Negative	0	0	neutral
217	215	popcorn lung a deadly lung disease is caused by diacetyl , a chemical used in flavoring on some of the juices used in e cigarettes	0.18144414	0.18807174	0.18144414	3.4739069	3.197849569	3.705061767	Negative	0	0	oppose
218	216	there is still a lot we denial of normal t know about these products , including whether they will decrease or increase use of traditional cigarettes	0.1814449	0.1880702	0.1814449	3.806044673	3.599579432	3.441476792	Positive	0	0	neutral
219	217	in 2015 public health england concluded that the risks of fire from e cigarettes appear to be comparable to similar electrical goods	0.18144916	0.18807068	0.18144916	3.662385058	3.738656167	3.602904423	Negative	0	0	neutral
220	218	free radicals are highly reactive agents that can damage dna or other molecules within cells , resulting in cell death	0.18144846	0.1880776	0.18144846	4.321287943	3.734445719	3.994330339	Negative	0	0	neutral
221	219	important caveat e cig s have really only been in use for the past few years , so nothing is known about the long term effects	0.18144734	0.18807635	0.18144734	2.734713314	2.624392215	2.826455076	Negative	0	0	oppose
222	220	accepting such low quality evidence for the efficacy of e cigarettes in the same thing as accepting surveys data as evidence for the efficacy of supplements , and it distresses me how many are either unable or unwilling to understand that	0.18144314	0.1880542	0.18144314	3.475830303	2.897158966	2.831484727	Negative	0	0	neutral
223	221	a third study , in the may edition of journal of american medicine association is internal medicine publication , said there is no conclusive evidence that e cigarettes can play a role in smoking cessation , particularly in comparison with a nicotine patch	0.18144378	0.18806162	0.18144378	3.663681228	3.24437179	3.298810653	Negative	0	0	neutral
224	222	the study expressed concern that the growth of this false perception risks discouraging many smokers from using electronic cigarettes to quit and keep them smoking instead which would be bad for their health and the health of those around them	0.18144491	0.1880599	0.18144491	3.056460034	3.291649364	2.944403983	Negative	0	0	support
225	223	nicotine toxicity is a concern when e cigarette solutions are swallowed intentionally by adults as a suicidal overdose	0.18144779	0.18806997	0.18144779	3.361627042	3.195089919	3.439034707	Negative	0	0	oppose
226	224	there are questions about how safe it is to inhale some substances in the e cigarette vapor into the lungs	0.18144554	0.1880734	0.18144554	3.105177989	2.98369908	3.260416717	Negative	0	0	oppose
227	225	the amount of vapor produced is controlled by the power of the battery , which has led some users to adjust their e cigarettes to increase battery power to obtain a stronger nicotine hit , but there is a small risk of battery explosion	0.18145125	0.18806799	0.18145125	3.675805228	3.393245325	3.700140794	Negative	0	0	oppose
228	226	aldehydes may cause harmful health effects though , in the majority of cases , the amounts inhaled are less than those in traditional cigarettes	0.18144572	0.1880701	0.18144572	3.745570835	3.579029832	3.699855207	Negative	0	0	support
229	227	our findings suggest that e cigarettes are not neutral in terms of the effects on the lungs , said senior author shyam biswal , a professor in the department of environmental health sciences at the bloomberg school	0.18144451	0.18806547	0.18144451	3.410803055	3.346337839	3.613419285	Negative	0	0	oppose
230	228	most e cigarettes use lithium batteries , the improper use of which may result in accidents	0.18144844	0.18807109	0.18144844	2.919952428	2.806081399	3.027243929	Negative	0	0	oppose
231	229	unfortunately , the evidence on whether e cigarettes help smokers to quit is contradictory and inconclusive , katz wrote	0.18144432	0.18806843	0.18144432	4.119861848	3.734890926	3.769666329	Negative	0	0	neutral
232	230	a 2014 review noted a study had found metal particles in the fluid and aerosol , at levels were 10 50 times less than that allowed in medicines that are inhaled	0.18145056	0.18808198	0.18145056	3.703785623	3.547264147	3.842719871	Positive	0	0	oppose
233	231	others fear the e devices will addict nonsmokers to nicotine and eventually lead to more people smoking	0.18144903	0.18807173	0.18144903	3.102098885	3.001195826	3.228516272	Negative	0	0	oppose
234	232	an excessive amount of nicotine for a child that is capable of being fatal is 0 1 0 too mg kg of body weight	0.1814501	0.1880677	0.1814501	3.690071971	3.11148472	2.928993203	Negative	0	1	neutral
235	233	in fact , this past week the world health organization called for a ban on indoor use of e cigarettes in workplaces , restaurants and other public spaces	0.18144011	0.1880622	0.18144011	3.856819441	3.685653773	3.996592687	Negative	0	0	oppose
236	234	dr gilbert ross , medical and executive director of the american council on science and health , said allowing e cigarettes to compete with cigarettes in the marketplace might decrease smoking related morbidity and mortality	0.18144768	0.18806325	0.18144768	3.291064149	3.039793567	2.683104585	Negative	0	0	neutral
237	235	in 2009 there was a 10 percent decrease in cigarette sales in the you is , and while that directly followed an increase in the federal cigarette tax , it 's not only price that 's changing the habits of american smokers	0.18145075	0.18808524	0.18145075	3.497408048	2.954267941	2.861993015	Negative	0	0	neutral
238	236	reported adverse effects from e cigarette use include upper respiratory tract irritation , dry cough , dryness of the mucus membrane , headache , dizziness , nervousness , insomnia , sleeplessness , nausea , vomiting , dry mouth , tongue sores , black tongue , gum bleeding , gingivitis , gastric burning , constipation , palpitation , chest pain , eye irritation , eye redness , eye dryness , shortness of breath , and shivering	0.18157668	0.18821874	0.18157668	4.021963467	3.890768602	4.256150002	Negative	0	0	oppose
239	237	experts are concerned that marketing of e cigarettes can increase nicotine addiction among young people encouraging them to try other tobacco products	0.18144864	0.18807998	0.18144864	4.129631008	3.821040747	4.007567267	Positive	0	0	oppose
240	238	e cigarettes contain some contamination with small amounts of metals in the emissions but it is not likely that these amounts would cause a serious risk to the health of the user	0.18144667	0.18807405	0.18144667	3.606250589	3.547705395	3.647013321	Negative	0	0	support
241	239	e cigarettes are also widely promoted to help people quit smoking	0.1814506	0.18807705	0.1814506	3.485542549	3.232865765	3.243930059	Negative	0	0	neutral
242	240	this simultaneous increase in e cigarette use and cessation may be coincidental , and it is therefore vitally important for longitudinal studies to be conducted to assess the impact of e cigarette usage on quitting behavior	0.18144497	0.1880549	0.18144497	2.797541283	2.5503102	2.358666374	Negative	0	0	neutral
243	241	some studies suggest nicotine in e cigarettes might be linked to anxiety and blood vessel problems	0.18144964	0.1880792	0.18144964	4.070730254	3.796591716	4.104110396	Negative	0	0	oppose
244	242	moreover , a who report in 2009 cautioned that the safety of e cigarettes is not confirmed	0.18144843	0.18807723	0.18144843	2.606127787	2.780108014	3.009818139	Negative	0	0	oppose
245	243	despite their growing popularity , very little is known about toxic substances produced by e cigarettes and their health effects	0.18144466	0.18806788	0.18144466	3.646309891	3.426435011	3.624022072	Negative	0	0	oppose
246	244	moreover , we denial of normal t know yet whether long term use of nicotine delivered in this manner is safe	0.18144555	0.18807058	0.18144555	4.119792833	3.704057884	4.10318254	Neutral	0	0	oppose
247	245	however , e cigarettes cannot be regarded as simply harmless	0.18144628	0.1880736	0.18144628	4.866922189	4.547937704	4.805909919	Neutral	0	0	oppose
248	246	there is liquid vapor , which appears in the same manner as smoke and you also get a similar feeling at the back of your throat , just like a traditional cigarette	0.18144636	0.18806598	0.18144636	4.513250661	4.156553151	4.308736156	Negative	0	0	neutral
249	247	global sales of smokeless tobacco products , including smokeless inhalers , has grown to nearly 3 billion and continues to grow	0.1814462	0.18807599	0.1814462	4.304931204	3.610844024	3.771790553	Negative	0	0	neutral
250	248	due to nicotine content inconstancy , it is recommended that e cigarette companies develop quality standards with respect to nicotine content	0.1814475	0.1880767	0.1814475	4.111515521	3.51174207	3.660508074	Positive	0	0	neutral
251	249	smaller particles in e cigarettes can travel deeper within the lungs causing greater damage , than normal cigarettes	0.1814452	0.1880702	0.1814452	2.097889258	2.164456277	2.45627473	Negative	0	0	oppose
252	250	there is a possibility that inhalation , ingestion , or skin contact can expose people to high levels of nicotine , and with contaminants in the e liquid , which may be especially risky to children , pregnant women , and nursing mothers	0.1814523	0.1880689	0.1814523	4.208213388	3.943484359	4.333446898	Negative	0	0	oppose
253	251	a chemical analysis of vapor from electronic cigarettes shows high levels of formaldehyde , a known carcinogen	0.18144885	0.18808188	0.18144885	3.580202488	3.223935237	3.701724532	Positive	0	0	oppose
254	252	e cig s are a viable harm reduction device in my opinion , one that more smokers need to know about	0.18144597	0.1880655	0.18144597	3.272650478	3.390567308	3.233202824	Negative	0	0	support
255	253	another review found that e cigarette aerosol contains far fewer carcinogens than tobacco smoke , and concluded that e cigarettes impart a lower potential disease burden than traditional cigarettes	0.18144259	0.18806624	0.18144259	2.847068064	3.193311095	2.847107944	Negative	0	0	support
256	254	in fact , the a a php states substances in the cigarette smoke , other than the nicotine , inhaled deep into the lung , cause most of the tobacco attributable illness and death in the united states	0.18144974	0.18807895	0.18144974	3.704999145	3.546770088	3.857507581	Negative	0	0	oppose
257	255	non daily v aping has no impact on cutting down or quitting	0.18144917	0.18807676	0.18144917	4.934661155	4.224605305	4.399355372	Negative	0	0	neutral
258	256	the therapeutic goods administration ( tga ) of australia has stated that , some overseas studies suggest that electronic cigarettes containing nicotine may be dangerous , delivering unreliable doses of nicotine ( above or below the stated quantity ) , or containing toxic chemicals or carcinogens , or leaking nicotine	0.18143547	0.18804744	0.18143547	3.209605113	3.007185213	3.407678863	Negative	0	0	oppose
259	257	users may alter many of the devices , such as using them to administer other drugs like cannabis	0.1814475	0.18807068	0.1814475	4.735366111	4.227054016	4.501652046	Negative	0	0	neutral
260	258	simon is also concerned about other chemicals delivered by electronic cigarettes , including di ethylene glycol ( a highly toxic substance ) , various nitrosamines ( powerful carcinogens ) , and other compounds suspected of being harmful to humans	0.18144956	0.18808086	0.18144956	4.080840669	3.753588133	4.146355061	Negative	0	0	oppose
261	259	nine out of 10 teenagers who tried e cigarettes were already smokers , meaning the trend that the attorneys general consider a public health emergency may instead portend successful harm reduction	0.18144059	0.18805942	0.18144059	3.694765552	3.307660351	3.163290072	Negative	0	0	neutral
262	260	e cigarettes appear to play a substantial role in tobacco users cessation attempts , the unc researchers said	0.18144487	0.18806772	0.18144487	3.587529133	3.156851336	3.120418416	Negative	0	0	neutral
263	261	in youth , e cigarette use risks involve accidental nicotine exposure	0.18144815	0.18807366	0.18144815	2.839143826	2.678411538	2.870523769	Negative	0	0	oppose
264	262	the you is food and drug administration ( fda ) has not evaluated e cigarettes for safety or effectiveness	0.18144721	0.18807586	0.18144721	3.064322337	2.505510224	3.099671786	Negative	0	0	oppose
265	263	awareness of e cigarettes rose from about four in 10 adults in 2010 to six in 10 adults in 2011 e cigarette use is growing rapidly , said cdc director tom frieden , md , miles per hour	0.18144177	0.18808152	0.18144177	4.063997422	3.618441633	3.605731243	Negative	0	0	neutral
266	264	apart from that , nicotine exposure has long been linked to atherosclerosis , the accumulation of plaque on the artery walls	0.181449	0.18808413	0.181449	4.227958792	3.670090991	3.871913059	Negative	0	0	neutral
267	265	however , given 50 of tobacco smokers will die as a direct result of their habit ( and often in a horrible way ) , it would seem to me that it 's a risk worth taking	0.18145183	0.1880812	0.18145183	4.83972945	4.34153433	4.524116068	Neutral	0	0	neutral
268	266	aside from toxicity , there are also risks from e cigarette misuse or accidents such as contact with liquid nicotine , fires caused by vaporizer malfunction , and explosions as result from extended charging , unsuitable chargers , or design flaws	0.18145308	0.1880785	0.18145308	4.253788174	3.928292728	4.299851078	Negative	0	0	oppose
269	267	since the main claim being used to sell e cigarettes right now is that they are safer than tobacco containing cigarettes , that is the first claim that needs to be examined	0.18144724	0.1880734	0.18144724	3.99469071	3.851807333	3.770229919	Negative	0	0	support
270	268	harvey simon , md , harvard health editor , expressed concern that the nicotine amounts in e cigarettes can vary significantly	0.18144578	0.18806562	0.18144578	3.471617758	3.197074473	3.14107177	Negative	0	0	neutral
271	269	they enable some users to reduce or quit smoking	0.18144469	0.18807203	0.18144469	3.433087681	3.097597611	2.973280128	Negative	0	0	neutral
272	270	on the other side we see e cigarette promoters making concreted , absolutist statements that e cigarettes are safe and effective aids to smoking cessation	0.18144733	0.18807802	0.18144733	3.180687271	3.356340965	3.125270677	Negative	0	0	support
273	271	in addition to containing varying levels of the addictive substance nicotine , e cigarettes also contain other cancer causing chemicals , such as formaldehyde	0.18144259	0.1880564	0.18144259	4.08320573	3.731947773	4.130156037	Negative	0	0	oppose
274	272	the use of e cigarettes is on the rise	0.18144587	0.1880702	0.18144587	3.271881763	3.190870663	3.281259745	Neutral	0	0	support
275	273	many researchers agree that the sharp spike in popularity for e cigarettes is fast outpacing research on the potential dangers	0.18144725	0.18807292	0.18144725	3.055242203	3.024456275	3.269794757	Negative	0	0	oppose
276	274	higher end e cigarettes allow the heat temperature to be adjusted , which can intensify the nicotine hit	0.18144673	0.18807063	0.18144673	3.757982273	3.278937827	3.45265869	Negative	0	0	neutral
277	275	the surgeon general 's 2014 report found that nicotine adversely affects maternal and fetal health during pregnancy , and that exposure to nicotine during fetal development has lasting adverse consequences for brain development	0.18144383	0.18806274	0.18144383	3.417380058	3.26371494	3.66990495	Negative	0	0	oppose
278	276	fda has stalled for years in proceeding with proposed rules that would allow it to regulate the e cigarettes as tobacco products	0.18144399	0.18806687	0.18144399	3.153448306	2.652430581	2.529957039	Negative	0	0	neutral
279	277	in august 2014 , the american heart association noted that e cigarettes could fuel and promote nicotine addiction , especially in children	0.18144464	0.18807572	0.18144464	3.626100703	3.397537617	3.649437087	Negative	0	0	oppose
280	278	but according to a public health england report , scientists believe the levels of nicotine in e cigarettes are unlikely to pose any significant health risk	0.18144889	0.1880762	0.18144889	2.973221274	3.202271856	3.042292622	Negative	0	0	support
281	279	e cigarette sales are projected to overtake cigarette sales in the next decade , and teen use of e cigarettes outpaces cigarette use , according to a recent survey released by the national institute on drug abuse	0.18144654	0.18807797	0.18144654	3.442616415	2.998525685	2.973080366	Negative	0	0	neutral
282	280	new research reveals that the chemical used to add flavor to e cigarettes is known to cause severe lung damage	0.1814453	0.18806368	0.1814453	3.295972803	3.092063986	3.488704377	Negative	0	0	oppose
283	281	many users think that e cigarettes are healthier than traditional cigarettes for personal use or for other people	0.18144825	0.18807387	0.18144825	4.135902996	3.870215917	4.048401434	Negative	0	0	support
284	282	e cigarettes were associated with fewer adverse effects than nicotine patches	0.18144625	0.18807364	0.18144625	3.786905845	3.521877413	3.753301476	Neutral	0	0	support
285	283	the a a php recommends electronic cigarettes as a less hazardous smoke free tobacco nicotine product	0.1814447	0.18807018	0.1814447	3.493789416	3.393790102	3.448500965	Negative	0	0	support
286	284	the majority of e cigarettes evaluated included carcinogenic tobacco specific nitrosamines ( tsn as ) and the carcinogen toluene	0.18144745	0.18807465	0.18144745	3.87127495	3.726125118	4.01304165	Negative	0	0	oppose
287	285	e cigarette vapor can contain cancer causing formaldehyde at levels up to 15 times higher than regular cigarettes , a new study finds	0.18144786	0.18807672	0.18144786	3.735722421	3.471191318	3.794245169	Negative	0	0	oppose
288	286	the eu is updating the tobacco products directive so that electronic cigarettes below a certain nicotine threshold can be sold with health warnings	0.18144587	0.18807323	0.18144587	4.310862147	3.939735876	4.027307533	Negative	0	0	neutral
289	287	the report concluded that the nicotine in the e cigarettes is roughly as dangerous as being addicted to coffee	0.18144831	0.18807566	0.18144831	2.980791062	3.15875092	2.91627501	Negative	0	0	support
290	288	since e cigarettes are not validated as cessation tools , may contain nicotine at inconsistent levels and added ingredients that are possibly harmful , allowing e cigarettes to be used among pregnant women to decrease smoking puts this group at considerable risk	0.181438	0.18805003	0.181438	3.451686586	3.250578292	3.49815578	Negative	0	0	oppose