Advanced Differentiable Neural Computer (ADNC) with application to bAbI task and CNN RC task.
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Advanced Differentiable Neural Computer

Build Status Python TensorFLow

This repository contains a implementation of a Differentiable Neural Computer (DNC) with advancements for a more robust and scalable usage in Question Answering. It is published on the MRQA workshop at the ACL 2018. This advanced DNC (ADNC) is applied to the 20 bAbI QA tasks with state-of-the-art results and the CNN Reading Comprehension Task with passable results without any adaptation or hyper-parameter tuning.

The repository contains the following features:

  • Modular implementation of memory unit and controller
  • Fully configurable model/experiment with a yaml-file
  • Unit tests for all key parts (memory unit, controller, etc. )
  • Pre-trained models on bAbI task and CNN RC task
  • Plots of the memory unit functionality during sequence inference
  • The following advancements to the DNC:
drawing drawing drawing drawing
Bypass Dropout DNC Normalization Content Based Memory Unit Bidirectional Controller
  • Dropout to reduce the bypass connectivity
  • Forces an earlier memory usage during training
  • Normalizes the memory unit's input
  • Increases the model stability during training
  • Memory Unit without temporal linkage mechanism
  • Reduces memory consumption by up to 70
  • Bidirectional DNC Architecture
  • Allows to handle variable requests and rich information extraction

Please find more information about the advancements and the experiments in

The plot below shows the impact of the different advancements in the word error rate with the bAbI task 1.

diff_advancements

Furthermore, it contains a set of rich analysis tools to get a deeper insight in the functionality of the ADNC. For example that the advancements lead to a more meaningful gate usage of the memory cell as you can see in the following plots:

process_dnc process_adnc

How to use:

Setup ADNC

To setup an virtual environment and install ADNC:

git clone https://github.com/joergfranke/ADNC.git
cd ADNC/
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install -e .

Inference

The repository contains different pre-trained models in the experiments folder. For bAbI inference, choose pre-trained model e.g. adnc and run:

python scripts/inference_babi_task.py adnc

Possible models are dnc, adnc, biadnc on bAbi Task 1 and biadnc-all, biadnc-aug16-all for all bAbI tasks with or without augmentation of task 16.

For CNN inference of pre-trained ADNC run:

python scripts/inference_babi_task.py

Training

The configuration file scripts/config.yml contains the full config of the ADNC training. The training script can be run with:

python scripts/start/training.py

It starts a bAbI training and plots every epoch a function plot to control the training progress.

Plots

To plot a function plot of the bAbI task choose pre-trained model e.g. adnc and run:

python scripts/plot_function_babi_task.py

Possible models are dnc, adnc, biadnc on bAbi Task 1 and biadnc-all, biadnc-aug16-all for all bAbI tasks with or without augmentation of task 16.

bAbI Results

Task DNC EntNet SDNC ADNC BiADNC BiADNC
+aug16
1: 1 supporting fact 9.0 ± 12.6 0.0 ± 0.1 0.0 ± 0.0 0.1 ± 0.0 0.1 ± 0.1 0.1 ± 0.0
2: 2 supporting facts 39.2 ± 20.5 15.3 ± 15.7 7.1 ± 14.6 0.8 ± 0.5 0.8 ± 0.2 0.5 ± 0.2
3: 3 supporting facts 39.6 ± 16.4 29.3 ± 26.3 9.4 ± 16.7 6.5 ± 4.6 2.4 ± 0.6 1.6 ± 0.8
4: 2 argument relations 0.4 ± 0.7 0.1 ± 0.1 0.1 ± 0.1 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0
5: 3 argument relations 1.5 ± 1.0 0.4 ± 0.3 0.9 ± 0.3 1.0 ± 0.4 0.7 ± 0.1 0.8 ± 0.4
6: yes/no questions 6.9 ± 7.5 0.6 ± 0.8 0.1 ± 0.2 0.0 ± 0.1 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0
7: counting 9.8 ± 7.0 1.8 ± 1.1 1.6 ± 0.9 1.0 ± 0.7 1.0 ± 0.5 1.0 ± 0.7
8: lists/sets 5.5 ± 5.9 1.5 ± 1.2 0.5 ± 0.4 0.2 ± 0.2 0.5 ± 0.3 0.6 ± 0.3
9: simple negation 7.7 ± 8.3 0.0 ± 0.1 0.0 ± 0.1 0.0 ± 0.0 0.1 ± 0.2 0.0 ± 0.0
10: indefinite knowledge 9.6 ± 11.4 0.1 ± 0.2 0.3 ± 0.2 0.1 ± 0.2 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.1
11: basic coreference 3.3 ± 5.7 0.2 ± 0.2 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0
12: conjunction 5 ± 6.3 0.0 ± 0.0 0.2 ± 0.3 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.1 0.0 ± 0.0
13: compound coreference 3.1 ± 3.6 0.0 ± 0.1 0.1 ± 0.1 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0
14: time reasoning 11 ± 7.5 7.3 ± 4.5 5.6 ± 2.9 0.2 ± 0.1 0.8 ± 0.7 0.3 ± 0.1
15: basic deduction 27.2 ± 20.1 3.6 ± 8.1 3.6 ± 10.3 0.1 ± 0.1 0.1 ± 0.1 0.1 ± 0.1
16: basic induction 53.6 ± 1.9 53.3 ± 1.2 53.0 ± 1.3 52.1 ± 0.9 52.6 ± 1.6 0.0 ± 0.0
17: positional reasoning 32.4 ± 8 8.8 ± 3.8 12.4 ± 5.9 18.5 ± 8.8 4.8 ± 4.8 1.5 ± 1.8
18: size reasoning 4.2 ± 1.8 1.3 ± 0.9 1.6 ± 1.1 1.1 ± 0.5 0.4 ± 0.4 0.9 ± 0.5
19: path finding 64.6 ± 37.4 70.4 ± 6.1 30.8 ± 24.2 43.3 ± 36.7 0.0 ± 0.0 0.1 ± 0.1
20: agents motivation 0.0 ± 0.1 0.0 ± 0.0 0.0 ± 0.0 0.1 ± 0.1 0.1 ± 0.1 0.1 ± 0.1
Mean WER: 16.7 ± 7.6 9.7 ± 2.6 6.4 ± 2.5 6.3 ± 2.7 3.2 ± 0.5 0.4 ± 0.3
Failed Tasks (<5%): 11.2 ± 5.4 5.0 ± 1.2 4.1 ± 1.6 3.2 ± 0.8 1.4 ± 0.5 0.0 ± 0.0

CNN Results

Model valid test
Deep LSTM Reader 55.0 57.0
Attentive Reader 61.6 63.0
ADNC 67.5 69.0
AS Reader 68.6 69.5
Stanford AR 72.2 72.4
AoA Reader 73.1 74.4
ReasoNet 72.9 74.7
GA Reader 77.9 77.9